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Bone Metastases

 
 
FEATURED CONTENT

Bone Metastases
May 21, 2013

This slide show features images of diffuse osteoblastic bone metastases in a 70-year-old advanced prostate cancer patient, bone metastases in the vertebral column of a kidney cancer patient, and more.

Palliative Radiotherapy in Elderly Patients With Bone Metastases Improves Quality of Life
Zach Hartman , May 20, 2013

Palliative radiotherapy is an effective means of alleviating pain and improving overall quality of life in elderly patients with bone metastases, according to a new study.

In Mouse Model, Imaging Strategy Follows Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis Response to Cabozantinib
Zach Hartman , April 22, 2013

A mouse model of bone metastasis can be used to follow real-time response to therapeutics in preclinical development, such as cabozantinib, according to results presented in the poster session of the 2013 AACR annual meeting.

Zoledronic Acid Did Not Prevent Bone Metastases in High-Risk Prostate Cancer
Leah Lawrence , April 18, 2013

The use of zoledronic acid (Zometa) had no effect on the prevention of bone metastases in patients with high-risk prostate cancer, according to the first results of the Zometa European Study, or ZEUS, presented at the European Association of Urology 28th Annual Congress in Milan, Italy.

Cabozantinib Active in Advanced Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Leah Lawrence , December 10, 2012

A phase II study indicates that cabozantinib has strong antitumor activity in advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer and improves bone scan lesions.

Bone-Modifying Agents as Adjuvant Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Maria Cristina Figueroa-Magalhães, MD1, Robert S. Miller, MD, FACP2 , October 23, 2012

In this review we describe the current evidence for use of bisphosphonates as part of the adjuvant treatment of patients with early-stage breast cancer.
• Sixty Is the New Forty—or Is It the Other Way Around?
• Can Bone-Targeted Therapy Reduce Recurrence and Improve Survival in Early-Stage Breast Cancer?

Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells Diminish Body’s Immune Response
Anna Azvolinsky, PhD1 , July 26, 2012

A new study suggests suppression of breast cancer metastasis relies on an antitumor immune response. Researchers found that administering interferon can reduce bone metastases and increase the survival time of a metastatic breast cancer mouse model.

Evolution of Treatment Options for Patients With CRPC and Bone Metastases: Bone-Targeted Agents That Go Beyond Palliation of Symptoms to Improve Overall Survival
Kyle O. Rove, MD1, E. David Crawford, MD1 , December 31, 2011

This review will examine agents with potential activity in the palliation and treatment of skeletal metastases of PCa, and will weigh the clinical-outcomes evidence for and against their broad use.
• Managing CRPC: Improving Symptoms, Survival, or Both?
• Are We Trumping Bone Disease in Prostate Cancer?

Cabozantinib Shows Promising Activity in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases
Anna Azvolinsky, PhD , August 24, 2011

Cabozantinib (cabo), formerly known as XL184, has recently shown unprecedented activity against bone metastases in prostate cancer patients in a phase 2 trial.

ASCO 2011: Phase II Cabozantinib Trial in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors and Bone Metastases
Anna Azvolinsky, PhD , May 24, 2011

Data from a phase II study of cabozantinib (XL184) in patients with advanced solid tumors show that the drug has activity in both bone and soft tissue. The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of cabozantinib compared to placebo in 9 different solid tumor types including breast, lung, ovarian, and prostate.

Showing 1 - 10 of 34 results.
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MEDLINE
Local bone marrow renin-angiotensin system in primitive, definitive and neoplastic haematopoiesis.
pubmed.gov - 2/28/13
The locally active ligand peptides, mediators, receptors and signalling pathways of the haematopoietic BM (bone marrow) autocrine/paracrine RAS (renin-angiotensin system) affect the essential steps of definitive blood cell production. Haematopoiesis, erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, formation of monocytic and lymphocytic lineages, thrombopoiesis and other stromal cellular elements are regulated by the local BM RAS. The local BM RAS is present and active even in primitive embryonic haematopoiesis. ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) is expressed on the surface of the first endothelial and haematopoietic cells, forming the marrow cavity in the embryo. ACE marks early haematopoietic precursor cells and long-term blood-forming CD34(+) BM cells. The local autocrine tissue BM RAS may also be active in neoplastic haematopoiesis. Critical RAS mediators such as renin, ACE, AngII (angiotensin II) and angiotensinogen have been identified in leukaemic blast cells. The local tissue RAS influences
Stroma-directed imatinib therapy impairs the tumor-promoting effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in an orthotopic transplantation model of colon cancer.
pubmed.gov - 2/14/13
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reported to contribute to formation of tumor-promoting stromal cells. We reported recently that, in an orthotopic nude mice model of colon cancer, MSCs traveled to tumor stroma, where they differentiated into carcinoma-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like cells. We also found that CAFs express platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) at a high level and that imatinib therapy targeting PDGFR in CAFs inhibits growth and metastasis of human colon cancer. These findings led us to examine whether the tumor-promoting effect of MSCs is impaired by blockade of PDGFR signaling achieved with imatinib. Orthotopic transplantation and splenic injection of human MSCs along with KM12SM human colon cancer cells, in comparison with transplantation of KM12SM cells alone, resulted in significantly greater promotion of tumor growth and liver metastasis. The KM12SM + MSC xenograft enhanced cell proliferation and angiogenesis and inhibited tumor cell
Targeted radio-nuclide therapy of skeletal metastases.
pubmed.gov - 1/31/13
In this review, we will focus on one particular class of stromal targeted therapy, i.e. the bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals (BSRs), but will also highlight selected issues related to the bone stroma as these concepts are new, rapidly evolving, and clearly linked to the underlying BSR mechanisms of targeting and action. Herein we review clinical BSR-trials of significance with randomized trials at center stage. Furthermore, we cover a new class of BSR in late clinical development based on bone-stromal targeted alpha-particle irradiation. Lastly, we discuss potential advances in combining BSR with bisphosphonates and/or chemotherapy and emphasize the feasibility of repeated dosing.
Denosumab in patients with cancer and skeletal metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
pubmed.gov - 1/31/13
We conducted a systematic review of the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of denosumab in reducing skeletal-related events (SRE) in patients with bone metastases.|A literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and The Cochrane Collaboration Library identified relevant controlled clinical trials up-to-March 14, 2012. Two independent reviewers assessed studies for inclusion, according to predetermined criteria, and extracted relevant data. The primary outcomes of interest were SRE, time to first on-study SRE, and overall survival. Secondary outcomes included pain, quality of life, bone turnover markers (BTM), and adverse events.|Six controlled trials including 6142 patients were analyzed. Compared to zoledronic acid, denosumab had lower incidence of SRE with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.84 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.80-0.88), delayed the onset of first on-study SRE (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.75-0.90) and time to worsening of pain (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.77-0.91). No
Diagnostic value of fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the detection of metastases in non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
pubmed.gov - 1/14/13
In the recent years, fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a new modality for staging non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the diagnostic value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in detecting metastatic lesions in NSCLC patients. Meta-analysis methods were used to pool sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likehood ratios, diagnostic odd ratios and to construct a summary receiver-operating characteristic curve. Data from included studies were pooled to compare the diagnostic accuracy between PET/CT and PET or CT alone in nodal staging. Totally, 56 studies involving 8,699 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivities and specificities of (18)F-FDG PET/CT were 0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-0.78] and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86-0.94) in determining mediastinal nodal staging; 0.71 (95% CI: 0.60-0.80) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.77-0.88) in intrathoracic

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CLINICAL TRIALS
Monoclonal Antibody Compared With Zoledronate in Treating Women With Breast Cancer and Bone Metastases
www.clinicaltrials.gov -
Docetaxel With or Without Imatinib Mesylate in Treating Patients With Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases
www.clinicaltrials.gov -
ZD4054 (Zibotentan) in Pain-free or Mildly Symptomatic Patients With Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases Who Have Rising Serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
www.clinicaltrials.gov -
Hormone Ablation Therapy, Doxorubicin, and Zoledronate With or Without Strontium 89 in Treating Patients With Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases
www.clinicaltrials.gov -
Docetaxel and Imatinib Mesylate in Treating Patients With Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases That Progressed on the Docetaxel and Placebo Group of MDA-ID-030008
www.clinicaltrials.gov -

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IMAGE IQ

Lower Back Pain in an Elderly Man With a History of Localized Prostate Cancer
James B. Yu, MD1 , May 17, 2013

A 70-year-old man with a history of localized prostate cancer treated with whole-pelvis radiation therapy with a boost to the prostate, in conjunction with androgen deprivation therapy 7 years prior, presented with lower back pain. A bone scan revealed an area of activity in the sacrum. What is the most likely diagnosis?


 
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FROM PHYSICIANS PRACTICE
Primary Care Can't Thrive Without Nurse Practitioners
Courtney H. Lyder, ND,  May 17, 2013
With a projected shortfall of primary-care physicians, it's time for alternate solutions to patient care. Nurse practitioners are one logical remedy.
VWhat Physicians Can Learn from the Allscripts EHR Lawsuit
Marisa Torrieri,  May 16, 2013
Lawsuit prompts question: What should physicians do to ensure they end up with a great EHR instead of buyer’s remorse?
Eight Ways ICD-9 Will Still Matter to Medical Practices
Brenda Edwards, CPC,  May 15, 2013
What should your medical practice do with your ICD-9-CM book after October 1, 2014? Keep it.
Seven Ways Technology Can Speed Up Patient Collections
Cheyenne Brinson,  May 15, 2013
Failing to adopt widely available billing and collections technology can cost medical practices big. Here's how to do it right.
Four Reasons Private Medical Practice is Becoming Extinct
Carol Stryker,  May 15, 2013
It’s becoming increasingly difficult for private medical practices to thrive. Here’s what’s driving the trend toward consolidation.
 

 
 
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