Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach, 11th Edition (2008).

Appendix 1

Response evaluation criteria and performance scales

April 20, 2009

RECIST: DEFINITION OF RESPONSE

In clinical studies, formal response criteria have been developed and have gained wide acceptance. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has proposed and implemented newer standard response criteria called Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). In contrast, the World Health Organization (WHO) has a different standard for assessing response. Major differences between these guidelines are outlined below.

PERFORMANCE SCALES

The Karnofsky performance index and WHO (Zubrod) scale are commonly used as proxy measures for quality of life. Because they measure only one dimension of the construct, they would not be considered quality-of-life measures by today’s standards. However, given their historic relevance and current high frequency of usage as proxy measures, we have included them here.

WHO (Zubrod) scale

This scale is used to measure performance of which the patient is capable. For example, a patient in the hospital for metabolic studies may be fully capable of performing normal activities but will remain in bed through his or her own
choice. Such a patient should be coded 0, “normal.”

0 Normal activity

1 Symptoms but nearly fully ambulatory

2 Some bed time but needs to be in bed

< 50% of normal daytime

3 Needs to be in bed > 50% of normal daytime

4 Unable to get out of bed

FROM

Zubrod CG, Schneiderman M, Frei E III, et al: Appraisal of methods for the study of chemotherapy of cancer in man: Comparative therapeutic trial of nitrogen mustard and triethylene thiophosphoramide. J Chron Dis 11:7–33, 1960.

Table of Contents

14TH EDITION ONLINE ONLY

Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Medical, Surgical, & Radiation Oncology

Edited by
Daniel G. Haller, MD
Professor of Medicine Emeritus
Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania

Lawrence D. Wagman, MD
Executive Medical Director
The Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment
St. Joseph Hospital

Kevin A. Camphausen, MD
Chief, Radiation Oncologist, National Cancer Institute

William J. Hoskins, MD
Executive Director of Surgical Activities
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

And the publishers of the journal ONCOLOGY

cancers of the head and neck region

Ch 1 Head and Neck Tumors
John Andrew Ridge, Bonnie S. Glisson, Miriam N. Lango, Steven Feigenberg

Ch 2 Thyroid and Parathyroid Cancers
Erika Masuda Alford, Mimi I. Hu, Peter Ahn, Jeffrey P. Lamont

LUNG CANCER

Ch 3 Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Benjamin Movsas, Julie Brahmer, Channing Paller, Kemp H. Kernstine

Ch 4 Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, and Thymoma
Bonnie S. Glisson, Benjamin Movsas, Walter Scott, Robert A. Chapman

Breast cancer

Ch 5 Breast Cancer Overview Risk factors, screening, genetic testing, and prevention
Lori Jardines, Sharad Goyal, Paul Fisher, Jeffrey Weitzel, Melanie Royce, Shari B. Goldfarb

Ch 6 Stages 0 and I Breast Cancer
Lori Jardines, Sharad Goyal, Melanie Royce, Shari B. Goldfarb

Ch 7 Stage II Breast Cancer
Lori Jardines, Sharad Goyal, Melanie Royce, Shari B. Goldfarb

Ch 8 Stages III and IV Breast Cancer
Lori Jardines, Sharad Goyal, Melanie Royce, Ishmael Jaiyesimi, Shari B. Goldfarb

GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS

Ch 9 Esophageal Cancer
Jimmy J. Hwang, Rajesh V. Iyer, Michael Mulligan

Ch 10 Gastric Cancer
Charles D. Blanke, Deborah Citrin, Roderich E. Schwarz

Ch 11 Pancreatic, Neuroendocrine GI, and Adrenal Cancers
Al B. Benson III, Robert J. Myerson, Aaron Sasson

Ch 12 Liver, Gallbladder, and Biliary Tract Cancers
Lawrence D. Wagman, John M. Robertson, Laura Raftery, Bert O'Neil, Keeran R. Sampat

Ch 13 Colon, Rectal, and Anal Cancers
Steven R. Alberts, Deborah Citrin, Miguel Rodriguez-Bigas

GENITOURINARY MALIGNANCIES

Ch 14 Prostate Cancer
Judd W. Moul, Andrew J. Armstrong, Joseph Lattanzi

Ch 15 Testicular Cancer
Patrick J. Loehrer, Atreya Dash, Mark K. Buyyounouski, Douglas Skarecky, Tareq Al Baghdadi

Ch 16 Urothelial and Kidney Cancers
Mark Hurwitz, Philippe E. Spiess, Jorge A. Garcia, Louis L. Pisters

GYNECOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES

Ch 17 Cervical Cancer
Leda Gattoc, Carlos A. Perez, William Tew, Sharmila Makhija

Ch 18 Uterine Corpus Tumors
Kathryn M. Greven, Maurie Markman, David Scott Miller

Ch 19 Ovarian Cancer
Stephen C. Rubin, Paul Sabbatini, Akila N. Viswanathan

SKIN CANCERS

Ch 20 Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers
Mary S. Brady, Aradhana Kaushal, Christine Ko, Keith Flaherty

Sarcomas

Ch 21 Bone Sarcomas
Warren Chow, Karl Haglund, R. Lor Randall

Ch 22 Soft-Tissue Sarcomas
Peter W. T. Pisters, Mitchell Weiss, Robert Maki

Brain TUMORS

Ch 23 Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors
Jay S. Loeffler, John de Groot, Nicole Shonka, Daniel P. Cahill

other SOLID TUMORS

Ch 24 AIDS-Related Malignancies
Ronald T. Mitsuyasu, Deepa Reddy, Jay S. Cooper

Ch 25 Carcinoma of an Unknown Primary Site
John D. Hainsworth, Lawrence M. Weiss

hematologic malignancies

Ch 26 Hodgkin Lymphoma
Joachim Yahalom, David Straus, Dennis Eichenauer, Volker Diehl

Ch 27 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Andrew M. Evens, Jane N. Winter, Leo I. Gordon, Brian C.-H. Chiu, Richard Tsang, Steven T. Rosen

Ch 28 Multiple Myeloma and Other Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
Sundar Jagannath, Paul Richardson, Nikhil C. Munshi

Ch 29 Acute Leukemias
Margaret R. O'Donnell

Ch 30 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Jorge E. Cortes, Richard T. Silver, Hagop Kantarjian

Ch 31 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Nicole Lamanna, Mark A. Weiss, Kieron Dunleavy

Ch 32 Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Alan List, Hagop Kantarjian, Jorge E. Cortes

Ch 33 Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Stephen J. Forman, Ryotaro Nakamura

Palliative and SUPPORTIVE CARE

Ch 34 Pain Management
Sharon M. Weinstein, Nora Janjan

Ch 35 Management of Nausea and Vomiting
Steven M. Grunberg, Nathan B. Adams, Richard Gralla

Ch 36 Fatigue and Dyspnea
Sriram Yennurajalingam, Eduardo Bruera

Ch 37 Anorexia and Cachexia
Aminah Jatoi

COMPLICATIONS

Ch 38 Oncologic Emergencies and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Carmen P. Escalante, Ellen Manzullo, Mitchell Weiss

Ch 39 Infectious Complications
Sanjeet Dadwal, Jane Kriengkauykiat, James Ito

Ch 40 Fluid Complications
Frederic W. Grannis, Jr., Lily Lai

Ch 41 Long-Term Central Venous Access
Stephen P. Povoski

Color Atlases

Color Atlas 1: The ABCDEs of Moles and Melanomas

Color Atlas 2: Skin Lesions

Color Atlas 3: Dermatologic Toxicities Associated With Targeted Therapies

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Response Evaluation Criteria and Performance Scales

Appendix 2: Cancer Information on the Internet
J. Sybil Biermann

Appendix 3: Cancer Drugs and Indications Newly Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration

Appendix 4: Chemotherapeutic Agents and Their Uses, Dosages, and Toxicities

Emiliano Calvo, MD, PhD and Antonio Calles, MD

TOPIC INDEX