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Home » Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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CANCER MANAGEMENT: ONLINE EDITION 

Breast Cancer Overview: Risk Factors, Screening, Genetic Testing, and Prevention

By Lori Jardines, MD1, Sharad Goyal, MD2, Paul Fisher, MD3, Jeffrey Weitzel, MD4, Melanie Royce, MD, PhD5, Shari B. Goldfarb, MD6 | March 8, 2013
1Division of Surgery, Albert Einstein Medical Center, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 3Department of Radiology and Surgery, Stony Brook University Medical Center, 4Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, 5Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of New Mexico Cancer Center, 6Breast Cancer Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • Overview
  • Epidemiology
  • Etiology and Risk Factors
  • Genetic Cancer Risk Assessment
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Screening and Diagnosis
  • Prevention
  • Staging and Prognosis
  • Suggested Reading

Suggested Reading

On Risk Factors and Genetic Cancer Risk Assessment

Daly MB, Axilbund JE, Buys S: Genetic/familial high-risk assessment: Breast and ovarian. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 8:562-594, 2010.

Gonzalez KD, Noltner KA, Buzin CH, et al: Beyond Li Fraumeni Syndrome: Clinical characteristics of families with p53 germline mutations. J Clin Oncol 27:1250-1256, 2009.

Ravdin PM, Cronin KA, Howlader N, et al: The decrease in breast-cancer incidence in 2003 in the United States. N Engl J Med 356:1670-1674, 2007.

Rebbeck TR, Kauff ND, Domchek SM: Meta-analysis of risk reduction estimates associated with risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst 101:80-87, 2009.

Robson ME, Storm CD, Weitzel J, et al: American Society of Clinical Oncology policy statement update: Genetic and genomic testing for cancer susceptibility. J Clin Oncol 28:893-901, 2010.

Walsh T, Casadei S, Coats KH, et al: Spectrum of mutations in BRCA1 , BRCA2 , CHEK2, and T P53 in families at high risk of breast cancer. JAMA 295:1379-1388, 2006.

Weitzel JN, Blazer KR, Macdonald DJ, et al: Genetics, genomics and cancer risk assessment: State of the art and future directions in the era of personalized medicine. CA Cancer J Clin 61:327-359, 2011.

On Screening and Diagnosis

Baker JA, Lo J: Breast tomosynthesis: State-of-the art and review of the literature. Acad Radiol 18:1298-1310, 2010.

Feigin KN, Keating DM, Telford PM, et al: Clinical breast examination in a comprehensive breast cancer screening program: Contribution and cost. Radiology 240:650-655, 2006.

Hollingsworth AB, Stough RG: Breast MRI screening for high risk patients. Semin Breast Dis 11:67-75, 2008.

Kopans DB: The recent US Preventive Services Task Force Guidelines are not supported by the scientific evidence and should be rescinded. J Am Coll Radiol 7:260-264, 2010.

Saslow D, Boetes C, Burke W, et al: American Cancer Society guidelines for breast screening with MRI as an adjunct to mammography. CA Cancer J Clin 57:75-89, 2007.

On Prevention

Domchek SM, Friebel TM, Singer CF, et al: Association of risk-reducing surgery in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers with cancer risk and mortality. JAMA 304:967-975, 2010.

Goss PE, Ingle JN, Alés-Martínez JE, et al: Exemestane(Drug information on exemestane) for breast cancer prevention in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 364:2381-2391, 2011.

Prentice RL, Caan B, Chlebowski RT, et al: Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of invasive breast cancer: The Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial. JAMA 295:629-642, 2006.

Vogel VG, Costantino JP, Wickerham DL, et al: National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP): Effects of tamoxifen(Drug information on tamoxifen) vs raloxifene(Drug information on raloxifene) on the risk of developing invasive breast cancer and other disease outcomes: The NSABP Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) P-2 trial. JAMA 295:2727-2741, 2006.

Weitzel JN, Buys SS, Sherman WH, et al: Reduced mammographic density with use of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist-based chemoprevention regimen in BRCA1 carriers. Clin Cancer Res 13:654-658, 2007.

On Prognosis

Hammond ME, Hayes DF, Dowsett M, et al: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists guideline recommendations for immunohistochemical testing of estrogen and progesterone(Drug information on progesterone) receptors in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 28:2784-2795, 2010.

Wolff AC, Hammond ME, Schwartz JN, et al: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists guideline recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 25:118-145, 2007.

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Cancer Management: Breast cancer

Breast Cancer Overview: Risk Factors, Screening, Genetic Testing, and Prevention

Stages 0 and I Breast Cancer

Stage II Breast Cancer

Stages III and IV Breast Cancer





 
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Topic Index

Cancer Types

 
  • Breast
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