Melanoma

Within the relatively short time that ipilimumab and vemurafenib have been commercially available, phase II data for the investigational agents nivolumab and MK-3475, for the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib, and for adoptive cell therapy strongly suggest even further improvements in treatment outcomes.
• Treatment for Advanced Melanoma: New Drugs, New Opportunities, New Challenges
• The Past, Present, and Future of Melanoma Therapy

We describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin—spurred by the identification of c-Kit–activating mutations in GIST and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec).
• Improving Harmonious Precision
• Targeted Therapy for Cancer: Asking the Right Questions

The management of in-transit metastases is challenging, since the treatments and extent of disease vary greatly based on the number, depth, location, and distribution of lesions, and on their biological behavior.
• In-Transit Melanoma: Opportunity to Discover Critical Knowledge
• Individualized Local Treatment Strategies for In-Transit Melanoma

With the potential for therapeutic durability and a small chance of cure, surgical resection may offer improved survival compared to other therapeutic modalities. This review summarizes the existing literature that addresses the topic of metastasectomy in patients with melanoma and breast cancer.
• Hepatic Metastasectomy for Breast Cancer and Melanoma
• The Role of Hepatic Metastasectomy in Melanoma and Breast Cancer

This marks the first randomized clinical trial reporting an overall survival benefit using immune modulation in metastatic melanoma. Along with its therapeutic benefits, ipilimumab presents unique challenges to clinicians.
• CTLA-4–Blocking Immunotherapy With Ipilimumab for Advanced Melanoma
• Ipilimumab for Advanced Melanoma: Let’s Not Throw Caution to the Winds
• Improving the Therapeutic Benefits of Ipilimumab

A 3-year-old child is evaluated for leukocoria (white pupil) of the right eye. Ophthalmic evaluation revealed the presence of a mass behind the lens. Surgical removal of the right eye was performed. What is your Diagnosis?

A 38-year-old man consults for a small subcutaneous nodule of approximately 2 cm in diameter. Surgical excision of the tumor nodule is performed. What is your diagnosis?

A 67-year-old African American female presented with an approximately 18-month history of a solitary, asymptomatic lesion on the right leg. This patient most likely has what tumor on her leg?