Thyroid Cancer

A prospective phase 2 trial evaluated the use of de-escalation therapy for patients with p16-positive squamous cell carcinoma.

The role of multimodal approaches such as FDG-PET imaging may require further investigation in patients with human papillomavirus–positive oropharyngeal cancer, according to Samuel Regan, MD.

Results from a phase 1/2 trial show clinical activity of APG-115 in patients with p53 wild-type salivary gland cancer.

Results from cohort A of a pilot study of patients with HPV–associated oropharyngeal carcinoma did not meet its primary end point.

ABCA12, CLIP1, and ATP13A3 somatic mutations appear to correlate with a vascular invasion phenotype in patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancer.

Patients with benign thyroid tumors resected with a transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach have less complications vs those treated with a standard surgical approach.

The FDA grants clearance to an oral immobilization stent designed to redirect radiation to the target tumor area for patients with head and neck cancer.

Certain patients with salivary gland carcinoma and close surgical margins may safely be considered for observation, according to findings from a retrospective cohort study.

The predictive value of [18F]TFB PET/CT may be useful in identifying patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who may be eligible for treatment with [131I]iodine therapy.

Study shows a high prevalence of thyroid cancer in transgender female patients.

Selpercatinib significantly improved efficacy in patients with advanced, multikinase inhibitor–naïve, RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer.

Positive data from a prespecified interim efficacy analysis of the phase 3 LIBRETTO-531 trial support selpercatinib as a potential treatment in advanced, RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer.

Although single-agent cediranib improved outcomes in differentiated thyroid cancer, the addition of lenalidomide does result in a clinically meaningful improvement.

Pembrolizumab also appears to garner modest anti-tumor activity regardless of PD-L1 expression in patients with advanced thyroid cancer.

The Oncomine Dx Target Test was granted approval by the FDA as a companion diagnostic for RET fusion–positive thyroid cancer and RET fusion–positive non–small cell lung cancer.

Final data from the phase 2 ATLEP trial showed high response rates with a combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab in patients with anaplastic and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer.

Eric J. Sherman, MD, discussed the effects of using the MEK inhibitor trametinib in combination with paclitaxel in metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer.

A system review and meta-analysis found that the use of radiofrequency ablation for low-risk metastatic papillary microcarcinomas of the thyroid was safe and effective.

Lori Wirth, MD, provides an overview of differentiated thyroid cancer including treatment options that are currently available, as well as sharing insights on emerging therapies.

A system review and meta-analysis found that computed tomography and ultrasonography had comparable diagnostic accuracy in identifying cervical lymph node metastases in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.

Findings from the phase 3 COSMIC-311 trial led to the approval of cabozantinib in patients with radioactive iodine–refractory locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer.

Based on results from the phase 3 COSMIC-311 trial, the FDA has accepted an application for cabozantinib use in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer with refractory disease following radioactive iodine therapy.

Results from the phase 3 COSMIC-311 trial indicated that cabozantinib elicited a promising survival benefit in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.

Responses to selpercatinib in patients with pretreated medullary thyroid cancer were noted irrespective of therapy regimens received in prior lines, according to data from the 2021 ASCO Annual Meeting.

An affinity-tuned CAR T-cell product will be evaluated in thyroid cancer with a fast track designation from the FDA.

Investigators observed a survival benefit for patients receiving lenvatinib who had radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer with lung metastases of 1 cm or greater.

“Although previous trials demonstrated that the prior version of the DNA-RNA test was more specific than the prior version of the RNA test, the current molecular test techniques have no statistically significant difference in performance,” wrote Masha J. Livhits, MD, and colleagues.

The FDA granted accelerated approval to pralsetinib to treat with advanced or metastatic RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer or RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer.

The FDA approved the first therapy to treat cancers with rearranged during transfection (RET) gene alterations.

In a paper published in The BMJ, the authors provide a summary for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of thyroid nodules.