ADAMTS Mutations Predicted Ovarian Cancer Survival, Chemosensitivity

Article

Women with ovarian cancer with ADAMTS mutations were significantly more sensitive to chemotherapy and had longer platinum-free durations.

Women with ovarian cancer with ADAMTS mutations were significantly more sensitive to chemotherapy and had longer platinum-free durations compared with women with ADAMTS wild-type tumors, according to the results of a study published recently in JAMA Oncology.

In addition, researchers led by Yuexin Liu, PhD, of the department of pathology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, found that ADAMTS mutations were predictive of improved overall and progression-free survival regardless of BRCA1/2 mutations, stage, residual tumor, and age.

“The early identification of patients who are (or are not) benefiting from platinum-based therapy is central to advancing ovarian cancer management and represents an important step toward the goal of personalized treatment,” the researchers wrote, adding that these results have “important implications for clinical prediction and trial design and may be a useful addition to BRCA mutation assessment for patients with ovarian cancer.”

According to the study, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are found in about 20% of Cancer Genome Atlas patients with ovarian cancer, but chemosensitivity rates to platinum-based therapies are about 70%, meaning that something other than BRCA mutations predict chemotherapy response.

To explore novel genetic mutations that may be associated with chemosensitivity, Liu and colleagues conducted an observational study using genomic and clinical data taken from 512 women with ovarian cancer with available whole-exome sequencing data in the Cancer Genome Atlas project between 2009 and 2014.

Data revealed an approximate 10.4% overall mutation rate for mutations from eight members of the ADAMTS family. These mutations were associated with a significantly higher chemotherapy sensitivity (100% for ADAMTS mutated vs 64% for wild type; P < .001) and a longer platinum-free duration (median duration of 21.7 vs 10.1 months; P = .001).

The researchers also found that those patients with ADAMTS mutations had a significantly longer overall survival (58 vs 41.3 months; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.42–0.89; P = .01) and progression-free survival (31.8 vs 15.3 months; HR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.38–0.70; P < .001) compared with patients with ADAMTS wild type.

Even after adjustment for BRCA mutations, surgical stage, residual tumor, and patient age, patients with ADAMTS mutations had a significantly improved overall survival (P = .01), progression-free survival (P < .001), and platinum-free survival (P = .001).

No significant correlation was found between ADAMTS and BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.

“Additional predictors of sensitivity remain to be detected because many patients without ADAMTS or BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are chemosensitive,” the researchers noted.

Related Videos
Interim data reveal favorable responses in patients with low-grade serous ovarian cancer treated with avutometinib plus defactinib, according to Susana N. Banerjee, MD.
Treatment with mirvetuximab soravtansine appears to produce a 3-fold improvement in objective response rate vs chemotherapy among patients with folate receptor-α–expressing, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer in the phase 3 MIRASOL trial.
PRGN-3005 autologous UltraCAR-T cells appear well-tolerated and decreases tumor burden in a population of patients with advanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
An expert from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute discusses findings from the final overall survival analysis of the phase 3 ENGOT-OV16/NOVA trial.