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Metastatic Malignant Melanoma From an Unknown Primary Presenting as a Large Axillary MassThe patient is an otherwise healthy male transferred from an outside hospital with a newly diagnosed melanoma from an unknown primary presenting as a large, left axillary mass.
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AIDS-Related Kaposi’s Sarcoma: Current Treatment Options, Future TrendsIn his article, Dr. Mitsuyasu concisely reviews a large body of data concerning the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) in the setting of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. As he correctly points out, effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), with its consequent improvements in immune function and decrease in production of viral and cytokine cofactors that promote KS growth, has been partly responsible for the decline of KS incidence in areas with ready access to HIV therapy.
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Commentary (Ezzone)-Graft-Versus-Host Disease: A Complex Long-Term Side Effect of Hematopoietic Stem CellProphylaxis and management of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following a related or unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is very complex. The review article written by Barton-Burke and colleagues discusses all of the major components of the clinical manifestations, prophylaxis, and treatment of GVHD.
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Susan F. Slovin, MD, PhD, Reviews Future Landscape of Systemic Therapies for Prostate CancerSusan F. Slovin, MD, PhD, spoke about how new approaches can support clinical practice guidelines and physician intuition in treating patients with prostate cancer.
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Clinical Status and Optimal Use of TopotecanTopotecan (Hycamtin) is a promising new topoisomerase I-targeting anticancer agent that first entered clinical trials in 1989 under National Cancer Institute sponsorship in collaboration with SmithKline Beecham. In 1996, it
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Strategies for Identification and Clinical Evaluation of Promising Chemopreventive AgentsStrategies for chemopreventative drug development are based on the use of well-characterized agents, intermediate biomarkers correlating to cancer incidence, and suitable cohorts for efficacy studies. Since
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Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus: Risk Factors and PreventionEsophageal cancer is a relatively rare but deadly cancer in the United States. Even in patients with limited locoregional disease at the time of diagnosis, who have received aggressive multimodality therapies as part of clinical protocols, median survival is only 17 months and 3-year survival, only 30%.[1,2] Patients with metastatic disease have a 6-month median survival, which is not improved by the administration of chemotherapy.
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Colorectal Cancer Surgical Practice GuidelinesThe Society of Surgical Oncology surgical practice guidelines focus on the signs and symptoms of primary cancer, timely evaluation of the symptomatic patient, appropriate preoperative evaluation for extent of disease, and role of the surgeon in
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Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin: Antitumor Activity in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer or Cancers of Peritoneal OriginAfter pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PEG-LD) (Doxil) was shown to be active in ovarian tumors, several trials were developed at the University of Southern California to determine its safety and efficacy in a variety of gynecologic and peritoneal malignancies. Completed phase I and phase II trials have found PEG-LD to be safe and effective in the treatment of platinum- and paclitaxel-refractory epithelial ovarian carcinoma. A new phase II trial is currently underway in similarly refractory patients with ovarian and other related cancers and various degrees of pretreatment. In addition, the efficacy of PEG-LD is being explored in combination with paclitaxel (Taxol), with cisplatin, and with hyperthermia. [ONCOLOGY 11(Suppl 11):38-44, 1997]
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Neoadjuvant Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Current Practice, Controversies, and Future DirectionsIn this review, we will discuss multidisciplinary considerations in treating patients with neoadjuvant therapy and highlight areas of controversy and ongoing research.
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Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin: Antitumor Activity in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer or Cancers of Peritoneal OriginAfter pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PEG-LD) (Doxil) was shown to be active in ovarian tumors, several trials were developed at the University of Southern California to determine its safety and efficacy in a variety of gynecologic and peritoneal malignancies. Completed phase I and phase II trials have found PEG-LD to be safe and effective in the treatment of platinum- and paclitaxel-refractory epithelial ovarian carcinoma. A new phase II trial is currently underway in similarly refractory patients with ovarian and other related cancers and various degrees of pretreatment. In addition, the efficacy of PEG-LD is being explored in combination with paclitaxel (Taxol), with cisplatin, and with hyperthermia. [ONCOLOGY 11(Suppl 11):38-44, 1997]
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Screening and Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation During ChemotherapyThe incidence of both hepatitis B virus infection and cancer is common. The use of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus can result in reactivation of hepatitis B virus, which can, in turn, lead to significant morbidity and mortality.
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Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice, 5th EditionCancer Nursing: Principles and Practice is widely considered to be the basic textbook on cancer nursing. With this edition, every chapter has been updated to reflect the latest research and references, and many of the chapters now include
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Survivorship and Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of AdvocacyThe past 20 years have witnessed important changes in the manner in which many people with cancer are opting to deal with their disease. In the past, patients yielded to their physicians' treatment choices and assumed that they
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Novel chemoRT regimen ups survival in pancreatic caIn patients with resected pancreatic cancer, adjuvant cisplatin, 5-FU, and interferon chemoradiation produces a median survival of 27 months, according to initial results of the ACOSOG Z05031 trial. However, nearly all patients experience grade 3 or 4 toxicities.
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Managing Patients With Moderate Penetrance GenesDr. Susan Domchek discusses the increased understanding of moderate penetrance genes and the importance of managing patients with these genes on a case-by-case basis.
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Prostate Cancer Death Linked With Shorter Sleep DurationThis video examines results of a study that found that shorter sleep duration was linked with an increased risk of death among patients with prostate cancer.
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ALARA: In Radiation Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging AlikeIn this issue of ONCOLOGY, Dr. Goske and colleagues present an excellent review of efforts to reduce radiation exposure from diagnostic medical imaging.[1]
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NCI's Cancer Information Systems-Bringing Medical Knowledge to CliniciansThe National Cancer Institute's computerized information systems have been designed to help physicians cope with the information explosion by translating the medical literature into usable forms. Systems developed by the
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Book Review: Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book, 2nd EditionSince the initial publication of Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book 5 years ago, every oncologist has seen this guide in the arms of many patients. When I read the cover to the second edition, stating that the book was "fully revised," I could not imagine how the universally excellent first edition could have been improved. The original text, in fact, remains essentially unchanged in the second edition. What has changed is the addition of some 138 pages addressing recent developments or expanding on various issues.
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Unique Case Documents Involution of Nevi on BRAF/MEK InhibitorsIn this interview we discuss a patient who experienced regression of BRAF-inhibitor-induced eruptive melanocytic nevi following concomitant addition of a MEK inhibitor.
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Case Study: Osteonecrosis of the JawThe patient, RJ, a 61-year-old female, was diagnosed with stage IIIA, hormone-positive, HER2-negative infiltrating ductal breast cancer 4 years ago. Following a lumpectomy and axillary node dissection, she was treated with systemic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy with an aromatase inhibitor. At her 3-year follow-up visit, she complained of a persistent cough, dyspnea, and vague bone pain in her lower back and hips. Staging diagnostic exams revealed several pulmonary nodules and multiple bone metastases, primarily in the bilateral hips, left ribs, and left femur.
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Potential Approvals of CLL Combination Therapies in 2022Susan M. O’Brien, MD, on potential upcoming approvals in 2022 for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia with combination therapies.
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Chemotherapy vs Ibrutinib for Frontline Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaThis video examines frontline treatment options for patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia, including considerations for when chemotherapy or ibrutinib might be more appropriate.
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Roles of Advanced Practice Nurses in OncologyThe article by McDermott Blackburn describes advanced practice in oncology nursing in the managed-care environment. The strength of this article is its detailed description of the traditional roles of the clinical nurse specialist and the nurse practitioner. The author identifies the controversial trend to merge these two distinct advanced practice roles in oncology nursing, and highlights another significant trend-the evolving role of case management in comprehensive cancer care.
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AIDS Malignancies in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral TherapyThe article by Drs. Gates and Kaplan provides an excellent review of malignancies associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 disease and chronicles the epidemiologic changes seen during the past 5 years. The literature review is very thorough and well balanced.
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Combined-Modality Treatment of Esophageal CancerThe use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy prior to surgery for patients with potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma has been investigated since the late 1970s, with trials yielding response rates approaching 50%.
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Commentary (Zweizig)-Human Papillomaviruses: Their Clinical Significance in the Management of Cervical CarcinomaHines and colleagues provide a comprehensive review of the human papillomavirus (HPV) and its association with cervical carcinoma. It is now widely appreciated that HPV infection is important in the etiology of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma.
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UFT/Leucovorin Plus Weekly Irinotecan in Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal CancerThis is an open-label, nonrandomized phase I trial to determine the safety and maximum tolerated dose of irinotecan with a fixed dose of UFT plus oral leucovorin in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer.
