Breast Cancer

Resection of liver metastases represents a major advance of the last few decades in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Hepatic metastases remain a lethal and recalcitrant problem in the management of malignant disease, and the review by Drs. Zani and Clary of the role of hepatic metastasectomy for patients with stage IV melanoma or breast cancer is timely and welcome.

This review summarizes the existing literature that addresses the topic of metastasectomy in patients with melanoma and breast cancer.

The results of a trial comparing concurrent versus sequential trastuzumab and chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment of breast cancer has shown an improved efficacy without increased toxicity for the concurrent regimen.

Breast and ovarian cancer patients with limited tumor burden and minimal prior chemotherapy appear to have benefited from a novel vaccine.

Researchers have developed a novel way to molecularly target and kill cancer cells, called photoimmunotherapy. The method uses a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor coupled to a near-infrared dye. The result is a target-specific photosensitizer that causes specific cell death of cells bound by the antibody when NIR light is applied.

A new prospective study has shown that cancer detection using digital film mammography has outcomes similar to the much less expensive film-screen mammography technique. Sensitivity of digital mammography was found to be higher, however, for specific subpopulation cohorts.

A new study has found that cumulative alcohol consumption in women is a risk factor for breast cancer. Even low levels of drinking were found to be linked to a small increase in breast cancer risk according to research published in today’s issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)

A study published online in the Journal of Clinical Oncology analyzed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) for distinguishing characteristics. The study compared clinical, pathological, and hormone-related lifestyle characteristics of 1469 women aged twenty to forty-nine.

The National Breast Cancer Awareness Month (NBCAM) organization, which began its campaign in 1984, is a partnership of more than a dozen national professional medical associations, public service organizations, and government agencies that work together year-round to promote awareness of breast cancer, share up-to-date information about the disease, and provide greater access to screening services.

This article will review current management trends for women with classical lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS).

The aim of this article is to review the preclinical data and rationale for PARP inhibitor use in the aforementioned settings, as well as the current status of the clinical development of these agents in the treatment of breast cancer, along with future directions for research in this field.

In this review, we describe the evidence linking obesity to breast cancer recurrence, discuss the potential biological mechanisms through which weight could impact breast cancer prognosis, and review the weight-loss intervention studies that have been performed in breast cancer populations to date.

The review by Jennifer Ligibel, MD, approaches a topic of increasing importance-namely the role of obesity in breast cancer incidence and clinical outcome-in a comprehensive and up-to-date fashion, focusing on obesity and its influence on breast cancer recurrence and associated survival.

The opening chapters in the investigation of poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as cancer therapeutics have been interpreted by some as a quantum leap forward in targeted and personalized medicine and by others as another example of disappointment following a flurry of promising preclinical and early clinical trials based on elegant biology.

Oppong and King present a clear and concise review of the current data regarding lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and discuss the rationale behind the current management recommendations for this disease.

In this issue of ONCOLOGY, Drs Oppong and King provide an organized and comprehensive summary of guidelines for the clinical management of patients with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS).

Obesity rates in the United States have increased twofold in adults and threefold in children during the past 30 years.[1] Beyond its detrimental effects on cardiovascular health, obesity increases the risk of several cancers, including postmenopausal breast cancer,[2] and it is also associated with a higher risk of recurrence and death in those who develop breast cancer.[3]

Poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are designed to exploit the “synthetic lethality” concept for cancer therapy.

Results of the AZURE trial revealed small improvements in disease-free and overall survival when zoledronic acid was used in addition to adjuvant therapy in a subgroup of early-stage breast cancer patients who had been postmenopausal for more than 5 years.

In an online-first article in Nature Chemical Biology (DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.695), Sebastian Nijman of the CeMM–Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna and his colleagues describe the development of a chemical genetic approach that has identified mechanisms that can lead to resistance to PI3K inhibitors used as cancer treatments.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved two new indications for the osteoporosis drug denosumab, as a treatment for bone loss in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer and in women receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer.

In spite of screening recommendations that now begin only at 50 years of age, breast cancer is often diagnosed in women under the age of 40, and there are specific challenges to management of the disease in this younger population.

Triple-negative breast cancers represent a challenge for patients and clinicians, with poorer prognosis and fewer treatment options than other breast cancer subtypes. Recently, though, there have been suggestions that targeting pathways that repair DNA within tumor cells could provide benefit beyond the currently available treatments.

The safety and efficacy of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for women with early-stage breast cancer are well established. BCT entails wide excision of the tumor and appropriate nodal evaluation, followed by radiation therapy to the breast.