Adam Singer, MD

In this segment on advanced renal cell carcinoma, Dr. Ornstein transitions the discussion to the second-line setting, noting that most patients will eventually experience disease progression and require additional therapy. He highlights that treatment goals evolve in the refractory setting, where achieving disease control becomes the primary objective rather than long-term durable remission.

In this segment on advanced renal cell carcinoma, Dr. Ornstein emphasizes that treatment is only effective if patients are able to remain on therapy, framing dose management as a critical component of clinical care. He asks how clinicians approach dosing and tolerability, particularly with VEGF receptor targeted therapy–based combinations.

In this segment on advanced renal cell carcinoma, Dr. Ornstein raises the important issue of real-world treatment attrition, noting that not all patients are able to receive subsequent lines of therapy after disease progression. He frames this as a key consideration when selecting first-line treatment.

In this segment on advanced renal cell carcinoma, Dr. Ornstein shifts the discussion to the role of treatment sequencing when selecting first-line therapy. He raises the question of how anticipated second-line options may influence initial treatment decisions in the context of multiple effective frontline regimens.

In this segment on advanced renal cell carcinoma, Dr. Ornstein guides the discussion toward differentiating available frontline treatment options, focusing on the choice between dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and combinations of immunotherapy with VEGF receptor targeted therapies.

In this opening segment on advanced renal cell carcinoma, Ornstein introduces the evolving frontline treatment landscape, highlighting the expanded role of immune checkpoint inhibitor–based combinations and VEGF receptor–targeted therapies.