Genitourinary Cancers

Cancer promotes the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) by inducing a hypercoaguable state, through mechanisms that are complex and multifactorial.

Despite the higher risk of VTE in patients with bladder cancer, ironically, their risk of bleeding and anemia, and greater need for transfusion of blood products, poses an equally significant risk of morbidity and mortality, especially among those who undergo cystectomy.

Ultimately, while further follow-up will be enlightening, we believe that there is sufficient evidence now from the primary analysis of CHAARTED to justify the combination of docetaxel and androgen deprivation therapy in all men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Meta-analyses of patients with low-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer will likely be required to attain sufficient power to address the role of docetaxel in this setting.

Treatment-emergent small-cell/neuroendocrine prostate cancer is likely to become of increasing clinical relevance in the era of widespread use of potent androgen receptor–targeted therapies.

Aggressive variants of prostate cancer often take the form of neuroendocrine or small-cell carcinomas, which frequently lack androgen receptor expression and respond poorly to hormonal therapies.

Higher levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood may signal an increased risk of recurrence for men with prostate cancer.

An external validation study has confirmed that biomarkers of the mTOR pathway have prognostic value in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

As part of our coverage of the 2014 ESMO meeting we discuss recent advances in the treatment of kidney, bladder, and testicular cancers.

In patients with non–clear cell RCC, PD-L1 positivity is associated with worse clinical outcomes, including a shorter overall survival and time to recurrence.

A large trial found that men with moderate baldness at age 45 had an increased risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer compared with men with no baldness.

A new study found that the androgen receptor splice variant 7 is associated with resistance to two therapies for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Results of a new study show that cancer rates among children and adolescents are stable, but rates of certain cancers such as renal carcinomas are increasing.

A 71-year-old woman presented with back pain and was incidentally found to have a left upper pole renal mass. She underwent left open partial nephrectomy; the pathology results revealed a 2.2-cm clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with negative margins and a Fuhrman nuclear grade of 2.

The American Society of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Care Ontario released joint guidelines for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Men who increased their consumption of fruits and vegetables-tomato products in particular-had a lower overall risk of prostate cancer, according to a new study.

Patient exposure to metformin before undergoing nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma may have an effect on patient survival, according to a new study.

Following studies that found no survival or mortality benefit, we discuss the utility of primary androgen deprivation therapy in localized prostate cancer.

The adoption of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy is on the rise in the United States, according to the results of a retrospective study.

Preoperative levels of C-reactive protein may be as predictive of outcomes as pathological TNM stage or tumor grade for prognosis in renal cell carcinoma.

It is now well established that castration-resistant disease can be effectively treated using newer androgen receptor-targeting agents such as abiraterone and enzalutamide.

This is an exciting time for physicians who care for patients with advanced prostate cancer, and more importantly a time of heightened optimism for these men and their families.

In the past 5 years we have taken at least 7 steps forward for men with prostate cancer-which hopefully will turn into “one giant leap” in our attempt to convert advanced prostate cancer into a chronic disease.

This article reviews the most recent advances in androgen receptor-directed therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer, and new agents under development.

A new study shows yet another link between increasing body mass index (BMI) and the risk of several common cancers, including kidney cancer.